Saturday, July 2, 2011

An Overview of Indian Penal Code 1860


Indian Penal Code, 1860 is the main criminal code of India. It was drafted in 1860 and came into force in colonial India during the British Rule in 1862. It has since been amended many times and is now supplemented by other criminal provisions. The draft of the Indian Penal Code was prepared by the First Law Commission chaired by Lord Macaulay. Its basis is the law of England but suggestions were also derived from the French Penal Code and Livingstone's Code of Louisiana. The draft underwent a very careful revision at the hands of Sir Barnes Peacock, Chief Justice, and puisne Judges of the Calcutta Supreme Court who were members of the Legislative Council and was passed into law on Oct 6,1860. The IPC covers a many offences, whose classification is as follows:Section 1 to 5                           IntroductionSection 6 to 52                         General ExplanationsSection 53 to 75                        About PunishmentsSection 76 to 106                      General ExceptionsSection 107 to 120                    Offences related to AbetmentSection 120A, 120B                   Criminal Conspirency (added later in 1913)Section 121 to 130                    Offences against StateSectio 131 to 140                      Offences against Army, Navy and Air ForceSection 141 to 160                    Offences against Public TranquillitySection 161 to 171                    Offences by/ related to Public ServantsSection 172 to 190                    Contempts of Lawful Authority of Public ServantsSetion 191 to 229                      Offences of False Evidence and Offences against Public JusticeSection 230 to 263                    Offences related to coins and Government StampsSection 264 to 267                    Offences relating to Weight and MeasuresSection 268 to 294                    Offences affecting the Public Health, Safety, Convenience, Section 295 to 298                    Offences related to ReligionSection 299 to 311                    Offences Affecting Life including Murder, culpable Homicide etc.Section 312 to 318                    Offences related to Miscarriage, Injuries to Unborn Children,Exposure of Infants and Concealment of BirthsSection 319 to 338                    Offences of hurtingSection 339 to 348                    Offences of  Wrongful Restraint and Wrongful ConfinementSection 349 to 358                    Offences of Criminal Force and AssaultSection 359 to 374                    Offfences of Kidnapping, Abduction, Slavery and Forced LabourSection 375 to 376                    Offences of Sexual Rape or attempt to rape.Section 377                               Unnatural Offences Section 378 to 382                    Offences of TheftSection 383 to 389                    Offences of Extortion    Section 390 to 402                    Offences of robbery or DacoitySection 403 to 404                    Offences of Criminal Misappropriation of PropertySection 405 to 409                    Offences of Criminal Breach of TrustSection 410 to 414                    Offences of receiving Stolen PropertySection 415 to 420                    Offences of CheatingSection 421 to 424                    Offences of Fraudulent Deeds and Disposition of PropertySection 425 to 440                    Offences of MischeifSection 441 to 462                    Offences of Criminal TrepassSection 478 to 489                    Offences relating to Documents and Property MarksSection 489A, 489B                   Offences relatin to Currency Notes (1958)Section 490 to 492                    Offences of Criminal Breach of Contracts of ServiceSection 493 to 498                    Offences related to MarriageSection 498A                            Offences of Cruelty by Husband or Relatives of Husband(1983)Section 499 to 502                    DefamationSection 503 to 510                    Offences of Criminal Intimidation, Insult and AnnoyanceSection 511                               Attempt to Commit Offences

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